Cracking the Ice: Reestablishing Ties Between Saudi Arabia and Iran Might Reshape the Middle East

 Re-Establishing Ties Between Saudi Arabia and Iran; Agreement May Impact These Areas

 

According to reports, Saudi Arabia and Iran have allegedly resumed diplomatic relations, a development that might have enormous geopolitical repercussions.

 The two regional powers have been engaged in a proxy war for many years, supporting rival forces in several Middle Eastern nations. Some people have responded to the announcement of a potential reconciliation with cautious optimism in the hopes that it may increase regional stability. Yet there are also worries about how it may affect existing crises in Yemen, Syria, and other places.

Saudi Arabia and Iran have been particularly at odds, with Riyadh engaging in Yemen in 2015 as the leader of a coalition supported by the West to fight the Houthi movement, which is allied with Iran. Yemen has been a particular hotspot for Saudi-Iranian tensions. With the Houthis repeatedly conducting missile and drone attacks against the country, the conflict has been at a standstill on the battlefield for years. Oman helped to restart direct negotiations between Riyadh and the Houthis last year, but the UN-mediated ceasefire that resulted has mostly been maintained.

A deal between Saudi Arabia and the Houthis may be made easier if relations between Riyadh and Iran were repaired, but there are worries about what this might imply for Yemen's long-suffering people. Millions of people are already experiencing food and water shortages as a result of the battle, and the possibility of another attack might make the situation considerably worse.

Syria is another nation where Saudi Arabia and Iran have engaged in a proxy war. When President Bashar al-Assad became isolated in 2011 as a result of his crackdown on protestors, Iran offered him military, economic, and diplomatic backing. Saudi Arabia initially supported rebels seeking to overthrow Assad in an effort to damage Tehran, but as Iran's assistance enabled Assad to turn the tide, Saudi support for the opposition has diminished.

 

The Arab world's isolation of Assad is beginning to ease, and there are hopes that the Saudi-Iranian agreement would encourage more interaction with Syria. There are worries that any new alliance between Riyadh and Tehran might worsen regional tensions because Israel, which seeks to improve relations with Saudi Arabia, has attacked Iran's installations in Syria.

A pro-Saudi coalition and an alliance that is pro-Iran, led by the potent military organization Hezbollah, have dominated Lebanon for years. Saudi Arabia and other Arab Gulf nations withdrew their ambassadors in 2021 because of what they claimed to be Hezbollah's control of the country. As the envoys left, Lebanon's financial problems worsened, and it now finds itself in an unprecedented political crisis with a cabinet that has very limited authority and no president for months.

For years, Lebanon has been ruled by an alliance that is pro-Saudi and one that is pro-Iran, both of which are commanded by the formidable military group Hezbollah. In 2021, Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arab Gulf withdrew their ambassadors due to what they perceived as Hezbollah's rule of the country. Lebanon's financial issues grew worse while the envoys were departing, and the country is currently experiencing an unparalleled political crisis with a cabinet that has very little power and no president for months.

When Saddam Hussein was overthrown in the 2003 U.S.-led invasion, Iran increased its political, security, and economic influence in Iraq, alarming Saudi Arabia. When an Iranian drone attacked Saudi oil installations in 2019 while flying via Iraqi airspace, the restoration of a border crossing between Saudi Arabia and Iraq in the following year raised expectations for better relations. Direct negotiations between the two neighbors have taken place in Baghdad, but last year's political unrest in Iraq put a stop to them.

The Saudi-Iranian agreement was welcomed in Baghdad as an opportunity to "turn the page." Iraqis wish for a broad regional peace that would prevent Iran, the United States, and Gulf Arab nations from destabilizing their country by settling old scores.

 

Gulf waterways, where there has been conflicted between Iran and the West

 

 

 

 

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